HAZMAT Technician Practice Exam

Using a weak base like sodium bicarbonate is the appropriate method for neutralizing a strong acid spill. Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, acts by reacting with the acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt. This neutralization reaction helps to mitigate the hazards associated with the acidic material by raising the pH and making the environment safer to work in.

In contrast, using water to neutralize a strong acid can be dangerous. When large volumes of water are added to concentrated acids, an exothermic reaction can occur, potentially causing splattering and releasing hazardous fumes.

Employing a weak acid like hydrochloric acid to neutralize a strong acid is not advisable, as it can lead to a more corrosive mixture, complicating the situation rather than resolving it.

Similarly, using sand is ineffective for neutralization. While sand can be useful for containing and absorbing spills, it does not alter the chemical nature of the acid, thus failing to neutralize its harmful effects.